Why are pH and Total Alkalinity Important?

1) Balanced pH and Alkalinity Prevent Health Issues

a) Control the Growth of Harmful Microorganisms

When pH and alkalinity levels are in balance, the growth of harmful microorganisms such as bacteria and algae is minimized. This is because chlorine, the chemical used to sanitize the pool, is most effective in water that has a balanced pH and alkalinity. This means that swimmers are less likely to come into contact with dangerous germs.

b) Avoid Eye and Skin Irritation

High pH and alkalinity levels can cause skin and eye irritation in swimmers. This is because high pH levels can cause chlorine to become less effective at sanitizing the water, leading to the growth of bacteria that can cause skin and eye infections. Lowering the pH and alkalinity levels in the pool water can help to prevent this issue.

2) Proper pH and Alkalinity Extend the Life of Pool Equipment

a) Prevent Corrosion

Corrosion occurs when metal components in pool equipment come into contact with water that has high pH levels. Over time, this can cause the metal to break down, leading to costly repairs or replacement. By maintaining proper pH and alkalinity levels, you can prevent corrosion and extend the life of your pool equipment.

b) Avoid Scaling

High alkalinity levels can cause scaling on pool surfaces and inside pipes, which can lead to decreased water flow and damage to equipment. By regularly testing and adjusting the pH and alkalinity levels in your pool water, you can avoid scaling issues and keep your pool equipment in top condition.

c) Save Money on Repairs

Maintaining proper pH and alkalinity levels in your pool water can save you money on repairs in the long run. By preventing corrosion and scaling, you can avoid expensive equipment damage and replacement costs. Additionally, properly balanced water can reduce the need for frequent chemical treatments, further saving you money on pool maintenance.

How to Know When Your pH and Alkalinity are Out of Balance

1) Test Your Water Regularly

Testing your pool water regularly is crucial to maintaining proper pH and alkalinity levels. You can purchase pool test kits or use a professional pool service to perform regular tests on your water. Two important tests to perform are pH testing and total alkalinity testing.

2) Physical Indications of pH and Alkalinity Issues

a) Water Color

Sometimes, issues with pH and alkalinity can be noticed without performing a water test. One indication that your pool water is out of balance is a change in water color. Water that is too acidic or too alkaline can turn cloudy, green, or yellow. Other physical indications of pH and alkalinity issues include eye and skin irritation.

b) Eye and Skin Irritation

Eye irritation is a common sign of pH and alkalinity imbalances. High pH levels can cause the eyes to become red and irritated, while low pH levels can cause stinging and burning. Similarly, skin irritation can also occur due to unbalanced pool water. High alkalinity levels can cause dry, itchy skin, while low alkalinity levels can lead to rashes or other skin irritations.

How to Fix Your pH and Alkalinity

1) Lowering pH and Alkalinity

1. Muriatic Acid
2. Sodium Bisulfate

2) Raising pH and Alkalinity

1. Sodium Carbonate
2. Sodium Bicarbonate

3) Avoiding Common pH and Alkalinity Pitfalls

Overdosing Chemicals

Overdosing chemicals can cause pH and alkalinity levels to swing too far in the opposite direction, and adding chemicals too quickly can lead to imbalanced levels. It's important to measure chemical doses carefully and add them gradually to maintain the desired balance.

How to Maintain Proper pH and Alkalinity

1) Regular Maintenance

a) Monitor pH and Alkalinity Levels Regularly

To maintain proper pH and alkalinity levels, it's important to monitor them regularly using a pool testing kit. Testing frequency can vary depending on usage and weather conditions, but a good rule of thumb is to test once or twice a week.

b) Adjust pH and Alkalinity As Needed

If pH and alkalinity levels are found to be out of balance, adjustments will need to be made. Adding chemicals in small, measured amounts is typically the best approach to avoid over correcting and causing further imbalances.

2) Additional Maintenance Tips

a) Keep the Pool Clean

Regular pool maintenance is essential for maintaining proper pH and alkalinity levels. This includes vacuuming, skimming debris, and regularly cleaning the pool surfaces and filter.

b) Address Leaks and Drainage Issues

Leaks and drainage issues can introduce contaminants and alter pH and alkalinity levels. Addressing these issues as soon as possible can help prevent bigger problems down the line.

c) Manage Pool Chemicals Responsibly

Proper storage and handling of pool chemicals is essential for safe and effective pool maintenance. Keep chemicals stored in a dry, well-ventilated area and follow all manufacturer's instructions for use.